What is Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS)?

Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) is a minimally invasive surgical procedure designed to treat chronic sinus conditions. This technique uses a thin, flexible tube called an endoscope, which is equipped with a camera and light, to view the inside of the nasal passages and sinuses. The goal of FESS is to restore normal sinus drainage and function, improving symptoms and quality of life for patients suffering from chronic sinusitis, nasal polyps, or other sinus-related issues.

When is FESS Recommended?

FESS is typically recommended for patients who have not found relief from chronic sinusitis through non-surgical treatments such as medications or nasal sprays. It may also be considered for individuals with:

• Nasal polyps that obstruct sinus drainage
• Recurrent sinus infections despite medical therapy
• Structural abnormalities in the sinuses that hinder drainage

The Procedure

1. Preparation: Before the surgery, patients will undergo a thorough evaluation, including a detailed medical history, physical examination, and imaging studies (such as a CT scan) to assess the sinus anatomy and identify any abnormalities.

2. Anesthesia: FESS is usually performed under general anesthesia, though local anesthesia with sedation can be used in some cases. The choice of anesthesia depends on the complexity of the procedure and patient preference.

3. Surgical Technique: During the procedure, the surgeon inserts the endoscope through the nostril, allowing them to visualize the sinus cavities. Specialized instruments are then used to remove obstructions, such as polyps or infected tissue, and to correct any structural issues that may be affecting sinus drainage.

4. Recovery: FESS is typically an outpatient procedure, meaning most patients can go home the same day. Recovery time varies but is generally quick, with most patients resuming normal activities within a week or so. Postoperative care includes nasal irrigation and medication to aid healing and prevent infection.

Benefits of FESS

• Minimally Invasive: The use of endoscopic techniques means smaller incisions and less tissue damage compared to traditional sinus surgery.
• Improved Sinus Function: By restoring normal sinus drainage, FESS can significantly reduce symptoms of chronic sinusitis, including congestion, facial pain, and headaches.
• Reduced Risk of Complications: With its precision and minimally invasive nature, FESS generally carries a lower risk of complications compared to more invasive surgical approaches.

Risks and Considerations

While FESS is a safe and effective procedure for many patients, it is important to consider potential risks, such as bleeding, infection, or damage to surrounding structures. Discussing these risks with your ENT specialist can help you make an informed decision about whether FESS is the right choice for you.

Conclusion

Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) offers a promising solution for individuals struggling with chronic sinus conditions that have not responded to conservative treatments. By improving sinus drainage and function through a minimally invasive approach, FESS can significantly enhance quality of life and alleviate persistent symptoms. If you are considering FESS, consult with a qualified ENT specialist to determine the best course of action for your specific condition.

For more information or to schedule a consultation, contact your local ENT specialist today.